Arab countries face many immediate challenges in many fields such as energy, environment, health, and water resources due to rapid population growth, the depletion of groundwater reserves, and climate change's impacts on severe water scarcity in the Arab world. To face these challenges, Arab countries need to adopt new technologies such as Nanotechnology and Biotechnology. This paper will present the concept of nanotechnology and Nanomaterials and their potential applications in different fields and how nanotechnology help solves most of the problems in different aspects of life in the Arab world. Also, this paper will identify different opportunities in Nanomaterials and Nano systems that improve every aspect of life transform the economy in the Arab world into a knowledge-based society.